Whether joining pipe, valves or other components, thread fittings provide strong reliable connections via standardized tapering pipe threads. Within this category exists variety tailored for specific plumbing, industrial piping and gas applications.
Female Threaded Pipe Fittings
External pipe threads on these fittings accept a male-threaded pipe or nipple mating. Common types include couplings joining two pipes, 90-degree street elbows, couplings or unions temporarily disconnecting piping, and threaded caps closing off pipe ends. Hastelloy, brass, steel and plastic female fittings suit plumbing and industrial threading standards.
Reducing Sockets
Tapered interior walls within reducing sockets narrow gradually along their length. These permit downsizing pipe diameters smoothly without flow obstruction. For example, 1-1/4 inch NPT sockets reduce to 1 inch NPT outlet. Used where space restricts pipe sizing or fittings are necessary, they provide transitions between different line and component dimensions.
Socket Fittings
Instead of two female ends, socket fittings contain a male threaded connection on one end mating into a female opening. Examples involve street elbows and tees turning flow directions. The socket end accepts pipe, another fitting or flange while the male end connects downstream. Constructed from assorted metals and polymers, they enhance installation versatility.
Specifying Fittings
Parameters such as pressure rating, temperature exposure, conveyed medium chemical compatibility and required joint integrity influence material choice. Fitting dimensions precisely match applicable threading standard dimensions, for example NPT, BSPT, etc. Verifying proper tooling and joint sealant compatible with system variables ensures safety and longevity.
Overall, comprehension of common pipe fitting varieties empowers Engineers, technicians and installers to expertly interface tubing, piping networks and ancillary equipment. Whether plumbing, compressed air, or industrial process applications, quality thread fittings reliably transmit fluids for systems small and large.
The specialized female threaded, reducing socket, and socket fitting designs available expand piping connectivity options to satisfy an array of process requirements. Knowledge of their usage nuances streamlines engineered connections.